{"id":5482,"date":"2026-09-23T02:47:12","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T19:47:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/"},"modified":"2026-09-23T02:52:46","modified_gmt":"2026-09-22T19:52:46","slug":"uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/","title":{"rendered":"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5482\" class=\"elementor elementor-5482 elementor-5474\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6673ee08 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6673ee08\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7da6643\" data-id=\"7da6643\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-447a5197 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"447a5197\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16d78ac1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"16d78ac1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-734f236 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/author\/editorkimia\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-user-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 496 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M248 104c-53 0-96 43-96 96s43 96 96 96 96-43 96-96-43-96-96-96zm0 144c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48s21.5-48 48-48 48 21.5 48 48-21.5 48-48 48zm0-240C111 8 0 119 0 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S385 8 248 8zm0 448c-49.7 0-95.1-18.3-130.1-48.4 14.9-23 40.4-38.6 69.6-39.5 20.8 6.4 40.6 9.6 60.5 9.6s39.7-3.1 60.5-9.6c29.2 1 54.7 16.5 69.6 39.5-35 30.1-80.4 48.4-130.1 48.4zm162.7-84.1c-24.4-31.4-62.1-51.9-105.1-51.9-10.2 0-26 9.6-57.6 9.6-31.5 0-47.4-9.6-57.6-9.6-42.9 0-80.6 20.5-105.1 51.9C61.9 339.2 48 299.2 48 256c0-110.3 89.7-200 200-200s200 89.7 200 200c0 43.2-13.9 83.2-37.3 115.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\teditorkimia\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-5f053c5 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/2026\/09\/23\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-calendar\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M12 192h424c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v260c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V204c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12zm436-44v-36c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48h-48V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H160V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v36c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12h424c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>September 23, 2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-464621f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"464621f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5452\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">AIP Illustration (Photo: UNAIR NEWS)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20eda292 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20eda292\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\">\n<div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a0437bd-f670-83ec-9d4f-62915c1cda9e-2\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">\n<section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a0437bd-f670-83ec-9d4f-62915c1cda9e-2\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a0437bd-f670-83ec-9d4f-62915c1cda9e-2\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-16\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"4c933fe4-8e01-4ba3-9026-8863c973b87d\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-6\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"fbskMG_root LR5Y_W_content markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full dark markdown-new-styling\">\n<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"358\" data-end=\"851\">Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the infectious diseases that is difficult to control, particularly due to the emergence of drug-resistant <em data-start=\"499\" data-end=\"527\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>. One important drug used in TB treatment is pyrazinamide (PZA), which requires the enzyme pyrazinamidase (PZase) to convert it into its active form. The PZase enzyme is encoded by the <em data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"718\">pncA<\/em> gene, meaning that changes or mutations in this gene are suspected to play an important role in the development of PZA resistance.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"853\" data-end=\"1390\">This study investigated the relationship between <em data-start=\"904\" data-end=\"910\">pncA<\/em> gene mutations, PZase enzyme characteristics, and PZA resistance in two clinical isolates of <em data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1021\">M. tuberculosis<\/em>, namely R1 and R2. Isolate R1 was resistant to PZA at a concentration of 100 \u03bcg\/mL, while R2 was resistant at 150 \u03bcg\/mL. Genetic analysis showed that R1 had three <em data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1191\">pncA<\/em> mutations, resulting in the amino acid substitutions Cys14Arg, Arg140His, and Ser179Gly, whereas R2 had four mutations, resulting in the substitutions Ala26Ser, Ala38Pro, Thr135Pro, and Arg140His.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1392\" data-end=\"1905\">To determine the effects of these mutations on enzyme function, the <em data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1468\">pncA<\/em> genes from both isolates were recombinantly expressed using <em data-start=\"1529\" data-end=\"1547\">Escherichia coli<\/em>. The resulting mutant PZase proteins had a molecular weight of approximately 21 kDa and were subsequently analyzed for their catalytic activity. The results showed that the catalytic efficiency of PZase-R1 was 1.759 mM\u207b\u00b9\u00b7min\u207b\u00b9, while that of PZase-R2 was 1.500 mM\u207b\u00b9\u00b7min\u207b\u00b9. These values were lower than that of normal PZase, which reached 2.443 mM\u207b\u00b9\u00b7min\u207b\u00b9.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"2294\">The decrease in catalytic efficiency reached 28.0% for PZase-R1 and 38.6% for PZase-R2. These findings indicate that mutations in <em data-start=\"2039\" data-end=\"2045\">pncA<\/em> not only alter the genetic sequence but may also affect the ability of the PZase enzyme to perform its function. This reduction in enzyme activity is suspected to contribute to the ability of <em data-start=\"2238\" data-end=\"2255\">M. tuberculosis<\/em> to survive exposure to pyrazinamide.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2296\" data-end=\"2708\">Nevertheless, since each isolate carries several mutations simultaneously, further research is still needed to determine the contribution of each individual mutation to changes in PZase function and PZA resistance. Approaches such as <em data-start=\"2532\" data-end=\"2559\">site-directed mutagenesis<\/em> and protein structure modeling may help reveal how each amino acid substitution affects the enzyme&#8217;s structure and its interactions with the drug.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2710\" data-end=\"3185\">This study demonstrates that understanding TB resistance requires more than simply identifying mutations in DNA. Small changes in a gene can lead to changes in a protein, affect enzyme activity, and ultimately contribute to the ability of bacteria to survive exposure to drugs. Understanding the relationship between genes, enzymes, and resistance is expected to provide a foundation for developing resistance detection methods and more effective TB treatment strategies.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3187\" data-end=\"3272\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> pyrazinamide resistance, <em data-start=\"3224\" data-end=\"3230\">pncA<\/em> gene, mutant PZase, catalytic kinetics.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3274\" data-end=\"3289\"><strong>Paper Link:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3291\" data-end=\"3594\"><strong>Purkan Purkan,<\/strong> Alivia Nadila, Bilqis Aliifa Nabilah, R Merlyn Sujatha, Wiwin Retnowati, Pratiwi Pudjiastuti, and Sofijan Hadi. <em data-start=\"3420\" data-end=\"3550\">Kinetical Analysis of Mutant PZase Enzyme To Uncover The Pyrazinamide Resistance In Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates<\/em>. New Microbiologica. 2026 49, 2, 107-116.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3596\" data-end=\"3814\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/newmicrobiologica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/MICRO_2_2026_2.1_FULL_496N570_Purkan-107-116.pdf\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3596\" data-end=\"3814\">https:\/\/newmicrobiologica.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/MICRO_2_2026_2.1_FULL_496N570_Purkan-107-116.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3816\" data-end=\"3896\">Purkan Purkan\u00b9\u02d2\u00b2, Alivia Nadila\u00b9, Bilqis Aliifa Nabilah\u00b9, R Merlyn Sujatha\u00b3,<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3898\" data-end=\"3961\">Wiwin Retnowati\u2074, Pratiwi Pudjiastuti\u00b9, and Sofijan Hadi\u00b9\u02d2\u00b2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3963\" data-end=\"4091\">\u00b9Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University. Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4093\" data-end=\"4243\">\u00b2Research Group of Biochemical Engineering, Enzyme Biotechnology and Gene Cloning, Airlangga University. Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4245\" data-end=\"4368\">\u00b3Department of Biochemistry, St. Peter\u2019s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4370\" data-end=\"4484\">\u2074Microbiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jl Prof Dr. Moestajab, Surabaya, Indonesia.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4486\" data-end=\"4549\">Corresponding author.<br data-start=\"4511\" data-end=\"4514\" \/>e-mail: <a class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4524\" data-end=\"4546\">purkan@fst.unair.ac.id<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4551\" data-end=\"4725\"><em data-start=\"4551\" data-end=\"4725\">This article is a repost from the Popular Scientific Articles page of Universitas Airlangga (UNAIR) and has been adapted for publication on the UNAIR Chemistry website.<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4727\" data-end=\"4919\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><em data-start=\"4727\" data-end=\"4749\">Original source:<\/em> <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/unair.ac.id\/mengungkap-resistensi-tuberkulosis-di-balik-perubahan-enzim-pzase-2\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4750\" data-end=\"4919\" data-is-last-node=\"\"><em data-start=\"4751\" data-end=\"4828\">\u201cUncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme\u201d<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n<p><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a860c93\" data-id=\"6a860c93\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c4fb9e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1c4fb9e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Other News<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45fd1d39 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"45fd1d39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b084ca1 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-none elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"3b084ca1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;9&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5507 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-of\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/unair-chemistry-strengthens-teachers-competencies-through-a-chemistry-teaching-and-assessment-workshop\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tUNAIR Chemistry Strengthens Teachers\u2019 Competencies through a Chemistry Teaching and Assessment Workshop\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/unair-chemistry-strengthens-teachers-competencies-through-a-chemistry-teaching-and-assessment-workshop\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about UNAIR Chemistry Strengthens Teachers\u2019 Competencies through a Chemistry Teaching and Assessment Workshop\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5494 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-of\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/unair-chemistry-brings-engaging-chemistry-learning-to-students-and-teachers-at-smp-islam-kampak-trenggalek\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tUNAIR Chemistry Brings Engaging Chemistry Learning to Students and Teachers at SMP Islam Kampak, Trenggalek\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/unair-chemistry-brings-engaging-chemistry-learning-to-students-and-teachers-at-smp-islam-kampak-trenggalek\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about UNAIR Chemistry Brings Engaging Chemistry Learning to Students and Teachers at SMP Islam Kampak, Trenggalek\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5482 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-of\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tUncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5472 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-of\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/zsm-5-zeolite-with-molecular-imprinting-for-the-selective-removal-of-creatinine-from-dialysate-toward-enhanced-uremic-toxin-clearance\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tZSM-5 Zeolite with Molecular Imprinting for the Selective Removal of Creatinine from Dialysate: Toward Enhanced Uremic Toxin Clearance\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/zsm-5-zeolite-with-molecular-imprinting-for-the-selective-removal-of-creatinine-from-dialysate-toward-enhanced-uremic-toxin-clearance\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about ZSM-5 Zeolite with Molecular Imprinting for the Selective Removal of Creatinine from Dialysate: Toward Enhanced Uremic Toxin Clearance\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5462 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-of\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/quantum-carbon-leap-exploring-structural-modifications-and-breakthrough-applications-of-boron-doped-carbon-dots-through-computational-approaches\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tQuantum Carbon Leap: Exploring Structural Modifications and Breakthrough Applications of Boron-Doped Carbon Dots through Computational Approaches\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/quantum-carbon-leap-exploring-structural-modifications-and-breakthrough-applications-of-boron-doped-carbon-dots-through-computational-approaches\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Quantum Carbon Leap: Exploring Structural Modifications and Breakthrough Applications of Boron-Doped Carbon Dots through Computational Approaches\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5447 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-announcement category-news-of\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/sertifika-loka-2026-digital-marketing-competency-certification-for-unair-students\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tSERTIFIKA LOKA 2026: Digital Marketing Competency Certification for UNAIR Students\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/sertifika-loka-2026-digital-marketing-competency-certification-for-unair-students\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about SERTIFIKA LOKA 2026: Digital Marketing Competency Certification for UNAIR Students\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the infectious diseases that is difficult to control, particularly due to the emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One important drug used in TB treatment is<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":5452,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5482","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-of"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme - S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme - S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the infectious diseases that is difficult to control, particularly due to the emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One important drug used in TB treatment is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-22T19:47:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-22T19:52:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"576\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"editorkimia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"editorkimia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"editorkimia\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6685f727ebf8d5ec2a3978b3c9765782\"},\"headline\":\"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-22T19:47:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-22T19:52:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":608,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/19\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/g1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"News of\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/\",\"name\":\"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme - S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/19\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/g1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-22T19:47:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-22T19:52:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/19\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/g1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/19\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/g1.jpg\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":576},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Beranda\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/home\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/19\\\/2024\\\/11\\\/cropped-cropped-UNAIR_LOGO_SEAL_PRIMARY_72DPI-1-32x32-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/19\\\/2024\\\/11\\\/cropped-cropped-UNAIR_LOGO_SEAL_PRIMARY_72DPI-1-32x32-1.png\",\"width\":32,\"height\":32,\"caption\":\"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6685f727ebf8d5ec2a3978b3c9765782\",\"name\":\"editorkimia\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2a487e4a8124c6c9555f65b1f3a99797adf861031b1122e3a20000b67964bfc7?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2a487e4a8124c6c9555f65b1f3a99797adf861031b1122e3a20000b67964bfc7?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/2a487e4a8124c6c9555f65b1f3a99797adf861031b1122e3a20000b67964bfc7?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"editorkimia\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\\\/en\\\/author\\\/editorkimia\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme - S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme - S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga","og_description":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the infectious diseases that is difficult to control, particularly due to the emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One important drug used in TB treatment is","og_url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/","og_site_name":"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga","article_published_time":"2026-09-22T19:47:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-09-22T19:52:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":576,"url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"editorkimia","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"editorkimia","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/"},"author":{"name":"editorkimia","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/6685f727ebf8d5ec2a3978b3c9765782"},"headline":"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme","datePublished":"2026-09-22T19:47:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-22T19:52:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/"},"wordCount":608,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg","articleSection":["News of"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/","url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/","name":"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme - S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg","datePublished":"2026-09-22T19:47:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-22T19:52:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2026\/09\/g1.jpg","width":1024,"height":576},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/uncovering-tuberculosis-resistance-behind-changes-in-the-pzase-enzyme\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Beranda","item":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/home\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Uncovering Tuberculosis Resistance Behind Changes in the PZase Enzyme"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/","name":"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#organization","name":"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga","url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2024\/11\/cropped-cropped-UNAIR_LOGO_SEAL_PRIMARY_72DPI-1-32x32-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2024\/11\/cropped-cropped-UNAIR_LOGO_SEAL_PRIMARY_72DPI-1-32x32-1.png","width":32,"height":32,"caption":"S1 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/6685f727ebf8d5ec2a3978b3c9765782","name":"editorkimia","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2a487e4a8124c6c9555f65b1f3a99797adf861031b1122e3a20000b67964bfc7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2a487e4a8124c6c9555f65b1f3a99797adf861031b1122e3a20000b67964bfc7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/2a487e4a8124c6c9555f65b1f3a99797adf861031b1122e3a20000b67964bfc7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"editorkimia"},"url":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/author\/editorkimia\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5482","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5482"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5482\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5483,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5482\/revisions\/5483"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5452"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5482"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5482"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5482"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}